Created by Mirco Viglietti |
The prepositions S/Z and IZ
The prepositions S/Z and IZ express ORIGIN or MOVEMENT FROM a place or an event.
They are followed by the 2nd case (genitive).
Examples: Si iz Danske? [ Are you FROM Denmark? ] Sem iz Londona. [ I am from London. ] Prihajam s tržnice. [ I'm coming from the market. ] Prihajam iz šole. [ I'm coming from school. ]
S/Z are the opposite of NA, whereas IZ is the opposite of V. (However, IZ is used in the case of regions and countries ending in -SKA or -ŠKA)
Examples:
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Grem na koncert. [ I'm going TO the concert. ] Greš na / v banko? [ Are you going TO the bank? ] Grem v službo. [ I'm walking TO work. ] Gremo v Trst. [ We are going TO Trieste. ] Grem v lepo mesto. [ I'm going TO a beautiful town. ] |
Prihajam s koncerta. [ I'm coming FROM the concert. ] Prihajaš z / iz banke? [ Are you coming FROM the bank? ] Prihajam iz službe. [ I'm coming FROM work. ] Prihajamo iz Trsta. [ We are coming FROM Trieste. ] Prihajam iz lepega mesta. [ I'm coming FROM a beautiful town. ] |
S/Z or IZ?
S/Z | Examples: | In English: |
EVENTS | Prihajam s koncerta / z zabave / z izleta | [ concert / party / trip ] |
MEALS AND DRINKS | Prihajam s kosila / s kave / s pijače | [ lunch / coffee / drink ] |
SPORTS | Prihajam s tenisa / s tekma / s smučanja | [ tennis / match / skiing ] |
OUTDOOR PLACES | Prihajam s tržnice / z balkona / s plaže | [ market / balcony / beach ] |
FORMAL PLACES | Prihajam s fakultete / z banke (but also iz banke) | [ faculty / bank ] |
ISLANDS | Prihajam s Krete / s Sicilije / s Kanarskih otokov | [ Crete / Sicily / Canary Islands ] |
WORDS ending in -IŠČE | Prihajam s parkirišča / z igrišča / z letališča
BUT Prihajam iz gledališča
| [ car park / playground / airport ]
[ theatre ] |
S or Z?
S is used before VOICELESS CONSONANTS (c, č, f, h, k, p, t, s, š)
Z is used before VOWELS and VOICED CONSONANTS (b, d, g, l, m, n, r, v, z, ž)
S/Z may also mean WITH (or BY + means of transport). In this case they are followed by the 6th case (instrumental).
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IZ | Examples: | In English: |
COUNTRIES | Prihajam iz Slovenije / Italije / Francije
Prihajam iz Madžarske / iz Portugalske / iz Hrvaške | [ Slovenia / Italy / France ]
[ Hungary / Portugal / Croatia ] |
TOWNS AND CITIES | Prihajam iz Ljubljane / Novega Mesta / Madrida | [ Ljubljana / Novo Mesto / Madrid ] |
BUILDINGS | Prihajam iz trgovine / pekarne / šole | [ shop / bakery / school ] |